A working reference for federal, state, and local government contracting
Last reviewed on May 12, 2026.
The UEI replaced the DUNS number and is issued directly through SAM.gov. It's free and takes only a few minutes once the legal name, address, and date of formation match your IRS records. See the step-by-step SAM guide.
SAM is the official federal vendor database. Registration is free but typically takes 7–10 business days for IRS and CAGE validation. The walkthrough at SAM.gov registration covers every step and the common holds that delay it.
NAICS codes define what your business does and set your small business size standard. The choice matters — a poorly chosen code can quietly disqualify you from set-asides. See NAICS codes and size standards.
A one-page summary of core competencies, past performance, differentiators, and company data (UEI, CAGE code, NAICS codes, certifications). The most-requested document in early agency conversations. See the dedicated capability statement guide.
Start with smaller contracts to build your track record. Document every success meticulously. Government buyers heavily weight past performance ratings. Consider subcontracting initially to gain experience and references.
Understand FAR (Federal Acquisition Regulations) requirements. Develop DCAA-compliant accounting systems early. Price competitively but ensure you can deliver profitably. Factor in all compliance costs and administrative overhead.
You agree to deliver specific goods/services for a set price. Lower risk for government, higher risk for contractors. Best when requirements are well-defined and stable.
Government pays allowable costs plus a fee. Used for research, development, or when costs can't be accurately estimated. Requires sophisticated accounting systems.
Indefinite Delivery/Indefinite Quantity contracts provide an umbrella agreement for recurring needs. Once awarded, you compete for task orders against other IDIQ holders.
New to government contracting? The pages below cover the most common starting points — registering as a vendor, picking the right NAICS codes, and figuring out which certifications apply.
Browse the resource hub Templates & checklists